A Comparative Analysis of Bioremediation Techniques for Coastal Pollution Mitigation

Abstract

Coastal environments are increasingly threatened by pollution, necessitating effective remediation strategies. This study presents a comparative analysis of bioremediation techniques, specifically focusing on their efficacy in degrading petroleum hydrocarbons in coastal sediments. We employed experimental field methodologies across five coastal sites, utilizing microbial consortiums and phytoremediation agents. Analytical measures included quantifying hydrocarbon degradation rates using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and assessing ecological impact through biodiversity indices. Results indicate that the microbial consortium achieved a hydrocarbon degradation efficiency of 85% over a 30-day period, while phytoremediation methods displayed a 65% reduction. This research underscores the potential of bioremediation as a sustainable approach to coastal pollution management, offering insights for policymakers and environmental managers.