Mitigating Microplastic Contamination in Coastal Aquatic Systems: A Strategy for Effective Remediation and Monitoring

Abstract

The pervasive issue of microplastic pollution in coastal aquatic systems has emerged as a significant environmental challenge, with severe implications for marine biodiversity and human health. This study employs a multidisciplinary empirical approach, integrating field sampling of sediment and water, alongside controlled laboratory experiments to evaluate the efficiency of various bioremediation techniques. Our results indicate that the application of biochar in sediment remediation exhibits a 75% reduction in microplastic concentration within a 30-day period, significantly outperforming traditional chemical treatments such as flocculation. We also identify critical pathways for microplastic transport and accumulation, providing essential insights into their ecological impact. This research underlines the necessity for targeted remediation strategies and underscores the potential of biochar as a sustainable solution to combat microplastic pollution.